On What Philadelphia 5th graders should know how to do
I intend no sarcasm. These guidelines seem to assume that knowledge and skills are demonstrated in an external and straightforward manner (much like compliance to ritual is) - rather than the reality that you need to actually trip kids up by changing how questions/problems are worded so they can't rely on rote responses, and have to think to answer.
Then you need to understand their mistakes and where they come from to further refine their understanding.
Also, regarding "5 senses" - what sense do I use to determine voltage across a circuit? We don't have one, so we build sensors - and anyway, shouldn't they also learn how senses lie, and their brain is trying to fool them all the time with cognitive biases?
"•divide a decimal number by a whole number, without and with a calculator
explore the concept of division of decimals with concrete materials, money and measurement
extend the algorithm in conjunction with place value 75.6 divided by 4."
"•estimate and measure the area of regular and irregular 2-D shapes
measure a wide variety of regular and irregular shapes using square units of onesquare centimetre and one square metre"
An example from science is:
"•identify and explore how objects and materials may be moved
by pushing and pulling
by machines using rollers, wheels, axles, gear wheels, chains and belts
by pouring and pumping
using trapped air pressure (pneumatics)
using trapped liquid under pressure (hydraulics)
using wind energy
harnessing energy of moving water
design and make a lifting device that uses levers and gears
design and make a windmill, water wheel or wind turbine to spin a coloured disk or turn a flywheel"

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